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近年来,随着我国荞麦面积的迅速增加,根结线虫病呈逐年加重趋势,严重影响了荞麦的产量与品质。本研究于2014年对西南10个地区17个乡镇秋播苦荞麦根结线虫的分布、发生种类以及危害程度进行了调查。结果表明,西南地区危害荞麦的根结线虫种类有南方根结线虫(Meloidogyne incognita)、爪哇根结线虫(M.javanica)和花生根结线虫(M.arenaria)3种,其中南方根结线虫为优势种群。田间根结线虫种群大多数为单一种群,23.5%的样品为南方根结线虫与爪哇根结线虫(或花生根结线虫)组成的混合种群。调查发现前作为烟草或马铃薯的地块,荞麦根结线虫发生危害严重,平均被害株率为6.0%~77.5%,病情指数为1.4~26.1,而前作为玉米的荞麦根结线虫则较轻,被害株率最高为16.0%,相应病情指数为2.3。
In recent years, with the rapid increase of the area of buckwheat in our country, the root knot nematode disease tends to increase year by year, seriously affecting the yield and quality of buckwheat. In 2014, we investigated the distribution, occurrence types and the degree of harm of Meloidogyne buckwheat in 17 towns in 10 regions of Southwest China. The results showed that the species of Meloidogyne incognita, M. javanica and M.arenaria in southwestern China were as follows. Among them, Meloidogyne incognita, The dominant population. Most of the population of root-knot nematodes in the field were single population, while 23.5% of the samples were mixed populations of root-knot nematode and root-knot nematode (or peanut root-knot nematode). The survey found that as a tobacco or potato plots, buckwheat root knot nematode serious harm, the average victim strain rate of 6.0% to 77.5%, the disease index was 1.4 ~ 26.1, while the former as corn buckwheat root knot nematode is lighter, The highest rate of victim plant was 16.0%, the corresponding disease index was 2.3.