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以东农425为试验材料,采用裂区设计,设灌溉方式和氮肥用量2个因素,以灌溉方式为主区,设4个处理:常规灌溉方式、轻干湿交替灌溉方式、中干湿交替灌溉方式、重干湿交替灌溉方式。氮肥用量为副区,设5个水平:0、75、150、225、300kg/hm2。应用Richards方程对东农425强弱势子粒的灌浆过程进行拟合,研究灌溉方式和氮肥用量对寒地粳稻子粒灌浆形成及产量的影响,并探讨终极生长量与灌浆参数的相关关系。结果表明,灌溉方式和氮肥施用量对子粒灌浆形成、产量及其构成因素的影响均达显著水平,且具有显著的互作效应,轻度干湿交替灌溉方式较其他灌浆方式利于提高起始生长势、强弱势子粒最大灌浆速率、适当缩短强弱势子粒到达灌浆速率峰值的时间。灌溉方式和氮肥用量对弱势子粒灌浆参数的影响程度高于强势子粒。灌溉方式和氮肥用量对产量及其构成因素的控水效应、供氮效应及互作效应的分析表明,轻干湿交替灌溉方式与施氮量为150~225kg/hm2组合是本试验最佳的水氮互作方式,中干湿交替灌溉方式下,氮肥用量可适当降至75~150kg/hm2;同时,终极生长量与灌浆参数的相关分析表明,可依子粒起始生长势大小,判断终极生长量的高低趋势。
Taking Dongnong 425 as test material, the design of split zone, the irrigation method and the amount of nitrogen fertilizer were used. The main irrigation areas were four treatments: conventional irrigation, light and wet alternate irrigation, Irrigation method, alternate wet and dry irrigation methods. The amount of nitrogen fertilizer for the sub-district, set five levels: 0,75,150,225,300 kg / hm2. The Richards equation was used to fit the grain filling process of weak and weak grains of Dongnong 425 to study the effects of irrigation patterns and nitrogen rates on grain filling formation and grain yield of japonica rice in cold region and to explore the relationship between the ultimate growth and grain filling parameters. The results showed that the effects of different irrigation methods and nitrogen application rates on the formation, yield and composition of grain filling reached significant levels, and had significant interaction effects. Compared with other irrigation methods, the light and wet alternate irrigation mode was more effective in improving the initial growth Potential, strength and weak potential grain maximum filling rate, appropriate to shorten the strength and weak potential grain to reach the peak filling time. The effect of irrigation methods and nitrogen fertilizer on the parameters of inferior grain filling was higher than that of strong grains. The results of water-control effect, nitrogen-supplying effect and interaction effect of irrigation pattern and nitrogen fertilizer dosage on yield and its components showed that the best combination of light-dry-wet alternate irrigation method and nitrogen application rate of 150 ~ 225kg / hm2 was the best Under the mode of water-nitrogen interaction and medium-wet-dry alternate irrigation, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer can be properly reduced to 75-150 kg / hm2. Meanwhile, the correlation analysis between ultimate growth and grain filling parameters shows that the ultimate growth potential The growth of the level of the trend.