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目的 探寻扬州市广陵区1983-2016年麻疹的人群分布特征.方法 采用描述性方法对1983-2016年广陵区人群麻疹发病率、出生队列麻疹发病密度进行分析.结果 广陵区1983-2016年共报告麻疹422例,年均发病率为3.40/10万,各年发病率在0.00/10万(1985年)-22.80/10万(2005年)之间(趋势x2=51.96,P=0.00).观察出生队列满40岁的麻疹发病密度从1941-1945年出生人群的0.48/10万人年上升到1971-1975年的8.52/10万人年(趋势x2=84.81,P=0.00).年龄别麻疹年均发病率从0-4岁的16.99/10万下降到≥55岁的0.05/10万(趋势x2=309.74,P=0.00);0-9岁、15-49岁两个高发年龄段的年均发病率分别为4.98/10万-16.99/10万、1.83/10万-4.54/10万.2005-2016年男女发病率比值为0.99,并从0-7月龄的2.09下降到10-19岁的0.39、≥50岁的0.32(r=-0.80,t =3.25,P＜0.05).结论 广陵区1983-2016年麻疹发病呈周期波动趋势,以低龄儿童、育龄期人群(特别是女性)发病率高.建议给育龄期人群增加1剂含麻疹成分疫苗接种.“,”Objective To explore demographic characteristics of measles in Guangling district of Yangzhou city.Methods Descriptive methods were used to analyze measles incidence rates and incidence densities in birth cohorts of Guangling during 1983-2016.Results A total of 422 measles cases were reported in Guangling during 1983-2016,for an average annual incidence of 3.40 per 100 000 population,ranging from 0.00 in 1985 to 22.80 in 2005 (trend x2 =51.96,P =0.00).Among birth cohorts who had been observed for ＞ 40 years,the incidence density of measles increased from 0.48 per 100 000 person years in people born in 1941-1945 to 8.52 per 100 000 person years in people born in 1971-1975 (trend x2 =84.81,P =0.00).The age-specific average annual incidence of measles decreased from 16.99 per 100 000 population in 0-4 year olds to 0.05 per 100 000 population in ≥55 year olds (trend x2 =309.74,P =0.00),with high rates of 4.98-16.99 per 100 000 in 0-9 year olds,and 1.83-4.54 per 100 000 in 15-49 year olds.The male to female ratio was 0.99 in 2005-2016,decreasing from 2.09 in 0-7 month olds to 0.39 in 10-19 year olds,and then to 0.32 in ≥50 year olds (r =-0.80,t =3.25,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The incidence of measles in Guangling showed a periodic fluctuation in 1983-2016,with high incidences among young children and child-bearing age persons (especially women).We recommend one dose of measles-containing vaccine for child-bearing age persons.