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解决油松扦插繁殖技术,对于开展油松遗传改良工作具有重要意义。本项课题从1979年开始,经过5年的试验研究,基本掌握了油松硬枝扦插苗的生根规律,总结出一套行之有效的扦插育苗技术,使扦插成活率可达70%以上。观察认为,油松硬枝插穗生根需3～4个月,生根部位在下切面向上2厘米范围内,以皮部生根为主。试验证明,采集3年生幼树上的1年生主、侧枝作插穗,扦插成活率高,母树树龄达5年生以上时,扦插成活率即急剧下降到3%以下。生物鉴定证明,树龄愈大,其枝条中抑制剂的含量愈多,阻碍了插穗生根。适宜的插壤为蛭石或蛭石与苗圃土各半混合。测定说明,蛭石保水能力强,透气性能良好,有利于插穗生根。于早春芽苞未萌动前采条,用吲哚丁酸或吲哚乙酸100～150ppm 溶液处理插条,可提高成活率1～2倍。生根期每5～7天喷一次葡萄糖液,比施肥可提高成活率20.2%,且苗木生长健壮,单株鲜重提高18%。扦插苗较同龄实生苗生长快,3年生扦插苗高为同龄实生苗的1.29倍,径为1.73倍,全株鲜重为4.24倍;造林后当年高生长为实生苗的1.34倍。
To solve the Pinus tabulaeformis cuttings propagation technology is very important for the genetic improvement of Pinus tabulaeformis. This project started from 1979, after five years of experimental study, basically mastered the rooting rule of hardwood cuttings of Pinus tabulaeformis and concluded a set of effective cutting propagation techniques, which made the survival rate of cutting more than 70%. Observations that pine hardwood cuttings take root need 3 to 4 months, rooting site in the next section up 2 cm range to the root of the skin root. Experiments show that the acquisition of three-year-old saplings on the 1-year-old, side branches for cuttings, cuttings survival rate, mother tree age of 5 years or more, the survival rate of cuttings that sharply dropped to below 3%. Biological identification proved that the older, the branches of the inhibitor content, hinder the cuttings rooting. Suitable for the intercalation of vermiculite or vermiculite and nursery soil semi-mixed. Determination shows that strong vermiculite water holding capacity, good ventilation, is conducive to cuttings rooting. Buds in early spring Bud did not sprout before mining, with indole butyric acid or indole acetic acid 100 ~ 150ppm solution treatment cuttings, can improve the survival rate of 1 to 2 times. Roots every 5 to 7 days spray a glucose solution, than fertilization can increase the survival rate of 20.2%, and nursery stock grow strong, fresh weight per plant increased by 18%. Cutting seedlings grow faster than the same age seedlings, 3-year-old cutting seedling height is 1.29 times the same age seedlings, diameter 1.73 times, whole plant fresh weight was 4.24 times;