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在消化系统癌肿中,胃癌是最常见的恶性肿瘤。降低胃癌的死亡率、提高其5年生存率是我们医务工作者面临的一项重要任务。早期胃癌术后5年生存率可达90％以上,微小胃癌几乎达100％,但晚期者仅20％左右,故早期诊断、早期手术是提高胃癌生存率的关键。对于早期胃癌的诊断,目前主要依靠纤维胃镜和胃X线气钡双重造影,特别是前者可进行组织活检,作出病理诊断。 1962年日本内镜学会首先提出早期胃癌的定义和肉眼分类,并为国际医学界所采用。早期胃癌指癌肿局限于粘膜和粘膜下层,未突破固有肌层,而不论癌肿大小和有无淋巴结转移。早期胃癌也包括小胃癌和微小胃癌。1978年日本消化器和内镜学会规定,病
Among digestive system cancers, gastric cancer is the most common malignancy. Reducing the mortality rate of gastric cancer and increasing its 5-year survival rate are an important task facing our medical workers. The 5-year survival rate of early gastric cancer can reach more than 90%, and the small-size gastric cancer can reach almost 100%. However, the late-stage survival rate is only about 20%. Therefore, early diagnosis and early surgery are the key to improve the survival rate of gastric cancer. For the diagnosis of early gastric cancer, mainly rely on fiberoptic gastroscopy and gastric X-ray double imaging, in particular, the former can be biopsy to make pathological diagnosis. In 1962, the Japanese Endoscopic Society first proposed the definition and visual classification of early gastric cancer, and it was adopted by the international medical community. Early gastric cancer means that the cancer is confined to the mucosa and submucosa and does not break through the muscularis propria, regardless of the size of the cancer and the presence or absence of lymph node metastasis. Early gastric cancer also includes small gastric cancer and tiny gastric cancer. Japanese Institute of Digestive and Endoscopic Society, 1978