目的　探讨原发性肝癌中肿瘤微血管密度（ＭＶＤ） 与细胞凋亡的关系，以及二者与肿瘤生物学行为的关系。方法　选择３２ 例原发性肝癌手术标本，采用免疫组织化学方法测定Ⅷ因子的蛋白表达，采用脱氧核糖核酸末端转移酶介导的缺口末端标记（ＴＵＮＥＬ） 法测定肿瘤细胞凋亡指数（ＡＩ） 。结果　原发性肝癌中肿瘤微血管密度（ＭＶＤ） 为３０９６ ±１２３２ ；肝癌组织的凋亡指数１１６９ ±４２４ ，且二者的表达呈负相关。结论　肿瘤微血管密度在原发性肝癌的生长和转移中起到重要的作用。 Objective To investigate the relationship between tumor microvessel density (MVD) and apoptosis in primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its relationship with tumor biological behavior. Methods Thirty-two surgical specimens of primary liver cancer were selected. The protein expression of factor VIII was determined by immunohistochemical method. The apoptosis index (AI) of tumor cells was determined by nick end labeling (TUNEL) method mediated by DNA terminal transferase. Results The tumor microvessel density (MVD) in primary liver cancer was 3096 ±1232; the apoptosis index of hepatocellular carcinoma was 1169±424, and the expression of them was negatively correlated. Conclusion The microvessel density plays an important role in the growth and metastasis of primary liver cancer.