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目的探讨通过妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)的筛查并予早期心理、饮食、运动及药物干预措施对降低GDM母儿并发症的作用。方法对2008年1月至2009年1月在徐州市妇幼保健院进行产前检查并分娩的孕前健康,无合并症的4850例孕妇资料进行回顾性分析,将不同孕周筛查出GDM分为3组(早期干预组、中期干预组、晚期干预及未治组)进行母儿并发症的比较。结果 GDM的发病率为5.2%,糖耐量异常的发病率为4.2%,未经干预,糖耐量异常最终发展为GDM者为10.8%。早期及中期干预组较晚期干预及未治组GDM母儿并发症明显降低,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。晚期干预及未治组应用胰岛素治疗的孕妇较早期及中期干预组明显增加,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。结论对GDM进行早期心理、饮食、运动及药物干预可降低妊娠期糖尿病的并发症及新生儿患病率,减少胰岛素的使用率。
Objective To explore the effect of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) screening and early psychological, diet, exercise and drug interventions on the reduction of complications of maternal and neonatal GDM. Methods From January 2008 to January 2009 in Xuzhou MCH hospital for prenatal care and delivery of pre-pregnancy healthy, no complications of 4850 cases of pregnant women were retrospectively analyzed, the screening of different gestational age GDM were divided into 3 groups (early intervention group, mid-term intervention group, late intervention group and no-treatment group). Results The incidence of GDM was 5.2% and the incidence of impaired glucose tolerance was 4.2%. Without intervention, the incidence of GDM was 10.8%. Compared with the late intervention group and the control group, the complication of maternal and neonatal GDM in the early and intermediate intervention groups was significantly lower (P <0.05). Compared with the early intervention group and the mid-term intervention group, the late-intervention group and the control group treated with insulin did not show significant difference (P <0.05). Conclusion The early psychological, diet, exercise and drug intervention on GDM can reduce the complications of gestational diabetes and neonatal morbidity and reduce the rate of insulin use.