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在20世纪以前,强调政府权力的有限性一直是主导西方宪政理论发展和宪政实践的最根本理念。现代宪政理论要求国家承担大量积极的政治职能,福利国家是其目标。当代宪政理论志在寻求“有效”与“有限”之间的平衡。对于中国的政治制度变迁而言,寻求平衡的社会基础并不存在。中国当前在宪政建设方面的首要任务仍然是启蒙,而不是跨越。
Before the 20th century, emphasizing the limited power of the government has been the most fundamental idea that dominates the development of constitutional theory and constitutional practice in the West. The modern constitutional theory requires the state to undertake a large number of positive political functions, and the welfare state is its goal. Contemporary constitutionalism seeks to strike a balance between “effective” and “limited”. There is no such thing as a social foundation for a balanced change in China’s political system. China’s current primary task in constitutional building remains enlightenment, not leapfrogging.