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自然资源在经济发展中究竟起着怎样的作用,资源诅咒论和初级产品论分别给出了不同的回答。根据对19世纪农牧产品出口国的案例研究,初级产品论声称在联系效应带动下资源开发可以帮助国家脱贫致富。资源诅咒论则根据二战结束以来矿产出口国经济数据的计量分析,得出资源丰裕更多的是诅咒而非福音的结论,其核心逻辑是挤出效应。比较研究说明:资源是福还是祸关键要看开发战略是否正确,我国资源富集区应实行资源就地转化战略,以科技创新带动资源型经济转型,并且要通过改革实现对资源价值的完全补偿和资源收益分配的公平合理。
What kind of role natural resources play in the economic development? Different answers are given respectively to the resource curse theory and the primary product theory. According to a case study of exporters of agricultural and animal husbandry products in the 19th century, the theory of primary products claims that resource development can help countries to get out of poverty and get rich when driven by the linkage effect. According to the econometric analysis of the economic data of the mineral exporting countries since World War II, the resource curse theory draws the conclusion that resource abundance is more a curse than a gospel. Its core logic is the crowding-out effect. A comparative study shows that whether resources are a blessing or a curse depends on whether development strategies are correct or not. China’s resource-rich areas should implement a strategy of converting resources in-place, promote the transformation of resource-based economy through technological innovation, and completely compensate resource values through reforms And the distribution of resources income fair and reasonable.