在中国古代的出版印刷事业中,与官刻、坊刻鼎足而立的是私刻。所谓私刻,又称家刻,是指私人出资校刊图书。私刻本往往以“某堂”、“某斋”、“某宅”、“某府”、“某家塾”等字样为标记。在封建社会里,官僚、地主及富商大贾,往往都设立家塾,聘师教授自己的后辈。这种被聘的教师虽未必有什么科第功名,但往往却具有真才实学。他们在教书的过程中,常常就自己的志趣和所长,或自己著述,或校勘、整理、注释、阐明前人的著作,并依靠主人的财力,刊刻成书,故家塾本也属于私刻之一种。而且是私刻中很有代表性的一种版本。 In ancient China’s publishing and printing business, and officials carved, engraved engraved Dingzuzu independent. The so-called private carved, also known as carved, refers to privately funded school books. Private engraving this often “a hall”, “a vegetarian”, “a house”, “a house”, “a private supplementary school” and other words for the mark. In feudal society, bureaucrats, landlords and wealthy businessmen often set up private supplementary schools to hire professors to teach their own younger generations. Although such a hired teacher may not have any fiction, it often has the real talent to learn. In the process of teaching, they often self-interest and director, or their own writings, or collation, collation, annotation, clarification of previous works, and rely on the owner’s financial resources, A. But also a very representative version of private carving.