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不同染色体片段对数量性状表现的作用研究相当欠缺。有关不同染色体臂上位点的相对重要性的遗传信息,可用于鉴定基因组从而对改良自交系及其杂交后代具有重要实践意义。估计玉米不同染色体臂对性状表现的相对重要性的技术多采用B—A易位系。本研究的目的是测定W22系同自交系B55,CI187—2,Oh43,M14和N25的各个杂交组合中第10杂色体长臂(10L)对总优势效应的作用。在正常系和具第10染色体长臂系的杂交组合中籽粒产量和多数产量组成性状表现出显著的中亲杂种优势。第10染色体长臂片段对产量中亲优势的作用为9.4％—2O.8％。10L片段对性状表现的效应存在着差异,对雄穗分枝数的效应最大而对粒重最小。结果指出,用B—A转换系分析更多的染色体片段可能更具实践意义,并且能结合不同染色体片段而产生优良自交系和杂交种。
The role of different chromosome fragments on the quantitative trait performance is quite lacking. Genetic information on the relative importance of loci on different chromosome arms can be used to identify the genome and thus have important practical implications for improving inbred lines and their crossing offspring. The technique that estimates the relative importance of different chromosome arms on traits in maize uses the B-A translocation line. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of 10L long arm (10L) on total predominance in each crosses of W22 lines with inbred lines B55, CI187-2, Oh43, M14 and N25. The grain yield and the majority yield component traits in the normal lines and hybrid combinations with long arm of chromosome 10 showed significant inbred heterosis. The effect of the long arm of chromosome 10 on the pro-dominant yield was 9.4% -2.8%. The effect of 10L fragment on trait performance is different, which has the greatest effect on the number of tassel branches and the smallest grain weight. The results indicate that analysis of more chromosomal segments using the B-A conversion line may be more practical and can produce excellent inbreds and hybrids in combination with different chromosomal segments.