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人胚鼻咽粘膜主要由假复层纤毛柱状上皮被覆,伴有少量过渡型上皮,未见典型的复层鳞状上皮。前者为鼻咽上皮的原基型,由纤柱细胞、杯状细胞、表面未分化细胞、中间细胞和基底细胞组成。纤柱细胞和杯状细胞均由基底细胞、中间细胞和表面未分化细胞分化而来。过渡型上皮由基底细胞向纤毛细胞和杯状细胞分化过程中不同分化阶段的中间细胞及表面未分化细胞所组成。基底细胞和中间细胞的胞浆内含有胞浆泡状系统和张力原纤维,具有双向分化的能力。过渡型上皮是演变为复层鳞状上皮或发生鳞状上皮化生的基础。
Human embryonic nasopharyngeal mucosa mainly by pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium covered with a small amount of transitional epithelium, no typical stratified squamous epithelium. The former is the primitive primitive type of nasopharyngeal epithelium, which consists of fibrocytes, goblet cells, undifferentiated cells, intermediate cells and basal cells. Fibroblasts and goblet cells are differentiated from basal cells, intermediate cells, and surface undifferentiated cells. The transitional epithelium consists of basal cells differentiating between intermediate cells and undifferentiated cells at different stages of differentiation in the differentiation of ciliated cells and goblet cells. Basal cells and intermediate cells within the cytoplasm contain cytoplasmic vesicles and fibrils, with the ability of two-way differentiation. Transitional epithelium is the basis for the evolution of stratified squamous epithelium or squamous metaplasia.