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1995～ 1 997年进行大田试验测定西南玉米螟 (southwesterncornborer,Dia traeagrandiosella简称SWCB)对玉米杂交种黄曲霉菌 (Aspergillusflavus)籽粒侵染和黄曲霉毒素积累的影响。 1 995年把黄曲霉菌分生孢子喷到花丝上后 ,把玉米穗轴粗粉中的不满一个月的SWCB幼虫置于商用杂交种顶部果穗的叶腋。用黄曲霉菌、害虫共同处理过的植株黄曲霉素积累和黄曲霉菌籽粒侵染水平最高。 1 996年 ,使用相同的菌种和侵染方法 ,黄曲霉毒素积累和黄曲霉籽粒侵染水平均比 1 995年低得多。SWCB对黄曲霉毒素污染或籽粒侵染没有影响。在 1 996年的另一项研究中测定了SWCB对抗、感黄曲霉菌杂交种的黄曲霉毒素污染和黄曲霉菌籽粒侵染的影响。SWCB与黄曲霉菌结合处理时 ,不管是抗黄曲霉菌杂交种还是感黄曲霉菌杂交种 ,其黄曲霉毒素水平和籽粒侵染显著地高于单独用黄曲霉菌接种的杂交种。 1 997年 ,在抗、感黄曲霉菌杂交种以及一个含有Bt毒素 (Bacillusthuringiensis)的商用杂交种和一个不含Bt毒素的商用杂交种上 ,测定了黄曲霉菌和SWCB的互作情况。在吐丝中期后 2 1d ,用黄曲霉菌和SWCB处理的 ,所有 4个杂交种的黄曲霉菌籽粒侵染和黄曲霉毒素水平都最高。这些结果表明与黄曲霉菌接种结合时 ,SWCB可以同时提高黄曲霉毒素水平
Field experiments were conducted from 1995 to 1997 to determine the effect of southwestern corn borer (Diatraeagrandiosella, SWCB) on the grain infestation and aflatoxin accumulation of the maize hybrid Aspergillus flavus. After spraying Aspergillus flavus conidia onto the filaments in 1995, SWCB larvae in maize cob meal less than one month old were placed in the leaf axils of the ear of the top of a commercial hybrid. Aspergillus flavus, pests co-treated plants aflatoxin accumulation and the highest level of Aspergillus flavus infection. In 1996, using the same strains and methods of infection, aflatoxin accumulation and Aspergillus flavus infection levels were much lower than in 1995. SWCB had no effect on aflatoxin contamination or grain infestation. In another study in 1996, the effects of SWCB challenge, aflatoxin contamination of Aspergillus flavus hybrids, and Aspergillus flavus grain infestation were determined. When SWCB was combined with Aspergillus flavus, aflatoxin levels and grain infiltrations were significantly higher in hybrids treated with Aspergillus flavus or Aspergillus flavus than those treated with Aspergillus flavus alone. In 1997, the interaction between Aspergillus flavus and SWCB was determined in resistant and susceptible Aspergillus flavus hybrids and in a commercial hybrid containing Bt toxin (Bacillusthuringiensis) and a commercial hybrid containing no Bt toxin. At 4 days after mid-silking, A. flavus and A. fumigatus had the highest levels of infestations and aflatoxins in all 4 hybrids treated with A. flavus and SWCB. These results indicate that SWCB can simultaneously increase aflatoxins levels when combined with Aspergillus flavus