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回顾历史可以发现,技术标准和产业的内涵随时代的变化而呈现出不断发展的过程,标准化与产业化之间存在着历史性的同步关系。古代,技术标准化以度量衡为主,满足于农业和手工业的需求,产业的财富拥有内涵尤为显著;近代,技术标准化以零件互换为主,适应于工业革命之后工业化机器大生产的制造业要求,产业的价值增殖内涵最为明显;现代,技术标准化以技术使用、质量和管理等综合体系认证为主,以适应全球化经济贸易秩序建立和知识经济所带来的新兴产业的需求,产业内涵表现为以知识流和价值流为基础的生态系统。从技术标准化的历史演变角度分析产业内涵的结构性变迁,有助于挖掘产业的社会意义。
Looking back from history, we can find that the connotation of technical standards and industries shows a continuous process of development with the changes of the times. There is a historical and synchronous relationship between standardization and industrialization. In the ancient times, the standardization of technology was dominated by weights and measures to meet the needs of agriculture and handicrafts. The connotation of the industry’s wealth possessed was particularly remarkable. In modern times, the standardization of technology took the interchange of parts as the mainstay and was adapted to the manufacturing requirements of large-scale industrial machinery after the industrial revolution. The value connotation of industry is the most obvious. Modern and technical standardization is mainly based on comprehensive system of technology use, quality and management, etc. In order to meet the needs of emerging industries brought by the establishment of global economic and trade order and the knowledge-based economy, the industrial connotation is as follows: Ecosystems based on knowledge flow and value flow. Analyzing the structural changes of industrial connotation from the perspective of historical standardization of technology standardization helps to excavate the social significance of the industry.