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目的了解重庆市涪陵区中小学生麻疹、风疹、流腮免疫水平,为拟定相应疾病预防控制对策提供参考。方法分层整群随机抽取重庆市涪陵区6~15岁中小学生2 179名,采集全血,采用酶联免疫法对麻疹、风疹、腮腺炎病毒Ig G抗体进行检测分析。结果共检测2 179人6 537份全血,其中麻疹抗体阳性1 968人,阳性率为90.32%;风疹抗体阳性1 908人,阳性率为87.56%;流腮抗体阳性1 904人,阳性率为87.38%。不同性别年龄组学生间麻疹、风疹、流腮抗体阳性率差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。不同监测点间麻疹、风疹、流腮抗体阳性率差异均有统计学意义(χ~2值分别为9.820,122.268,61.840,P值均<0.05),均以西部地区的阳性率为低;城区风疹抗体阳性率(90.01%)高于乡镇(85.96%),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=7.836,P=0.005)。结论重庆市涪陵区中小学校中小学生麻疹、风疹、腮腺炎疫苗抗体阳性率保持在较高水平。应进一步加强西部较偏远地区麻腮风三联疫苗的推广接种。
Objective To understand the immunization levels of measles, rubella and mumps in primary and secondary school students in Fuling District of Chongqing, so as to provide reference for formulating the corresponding disease prevention and control measures. Methods A total of 2 179 primary and secondary school students aged 6-15 years in Fuling District of Chongqing were randomly selected from the stratified cluster. Whole blood was collected and the Ig G antibodies against measles, rubella and mumps were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results A total of 6 537 whole blood samples were collected from 2 179 individuals, of whom 1 968 were positive for measles antibody, the positive rate was 90.32%. The positive rate of rubella antibody was 1 908, the positive rate was 87.56%. The positive rate of mumps antibody was 1 904 87.38%. There was no significant difference in the positive rates of measles, rubella and mumps among students of different gender age groups (P> 0.05). The positive rates of measles, rubella and mumps antibody between different monitoring sites were statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 9.820,122.268,61.840, P <0.05), and the positive rates in western China were all low. The positive rate of rubella antibody (90.01%) was higher than that of township (85.96%), the difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 7.836, P = 0.005). Conclusion The positive rates of measles, rubella and mumps vaccine in primary and secondary schools in Fuling District of Chongqing remain high. The promotion and vaccination of MMR vaccine in the more remote areas in the west should be further strengthened.