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延迟信号和外部异常信号严重影响微震震源定位精度,为了对它们进行有效识别,基于震源定位理论和微震台网几何特性,建立震源定位的双曲线和双曲面控制方程,揭示到时不同震源定位方法所确定的震源轨迹是一系列二维平面中的双曲线或三维空间中的双曲面,且双曲线或双曲面的形状和位置与到时差值密切相关。论证传感器观测到时之间存在P波到时差值理论极限和延迟信号到时差值理论极限,根据到时差值、微震台网布设和监测空间几何特征,构建2种理论极限的求解模型,建立到时差值分析表,提出根据观测到时差值和2种到时差值理论极限内在关系识别延迟信号和外部异常信号的全新方法。现场爆破实验表明:基于到时差值的微震波异常信号识别方法能够对延迟信号和外部异常信号进行有效识别,在剔除2种异常信号后的震源定位精度得到极大提高,实现对震源的高精度定位,满足现场微震监测需求。
In order to identify them effectively, delay signals and external abnormal signals seriously affect the positioning accuracy of microseismic sources. Based on the hypocenter positioning theory and microseismic network geometry, hyperbolic and hyperbolic governing equations of source positioning are established, The determined source trajectory is a hyperboloid in a series of hyperbolic or three-dimensional spaces in a two-dimensional plane, and the shape and position of the hyperbola or hyperboloid are closely related to the time difference value. According to the time difference, the microseismic network layout and the geometric characteristics of the monitoring space, two kinds of theoretical limit solution models are constructed, which are based on the theoretical limit of P wave to the time difference value and the delay signal to the time difference value. , A time-difference analysis table is established, and a new method of identifying delay signals and external anomalies based on observed time-difference values and two intrinsic limits of the time-to-difference theory is proposed. The field blasting experiments show that the microseismic anomaly signal identification method based on time difference can effectively recognize the delayed signals and external anomalies signals. The accuracy of the hypocenter positioning can be greatly improved after eliminating the two kinds of anomalies, Accurate positioning to meet the needs of on-site microseismic monitoring.