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目的：探讨辛伐他汀联合依折麦布对高脂喂养ApoE－／－小鼠动脉粥样硬化斑块的影响。方法高脂喂养ApoE－／－小鼠36只，建立动脉粥样硬化（AS）模型，随机分为模型组、单药组和联合用药组，其中单药组给予辛伐他汀片20 mg／（kg·d），联合用药组给予辛伐他汀20 mg／（kg·d）和依折麦布片20 mg／（kg·d），同时选取C57BL／6J小鼠12只作为正常对照。12周后，采用酶法测定各组血脂水平，ELISA法检测各组肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）和单核细胞趋化因子1（MCP-1），同时观察各组AS斑块病理情况。结果模型组总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）均较正常对照组升高，而高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）较正常对照组降低（P<0．05）；两药物干预组较模型组血脂有所改善，其中联合用药组改善情况明显好于单药组（P<0．05）；两药物干预组TNF-α和MCP-1较模型组有所改善，其中联合用药组TNF-α和MCP-1分别为（137．12±27．80）pg／ml和（51．09±6．03）pg／ml，明显低于单药组（P<0．05）；与模型组比较，两药物干预组主动脉AS病变明显减轻，其中联合用药组脂质成分占斑块面积比、钙化染色占斑块面积比和OPN染色占斑块面积比分别为（12．43±4．40）％、（3．01±0．79）％和（10．08±1．87）％，明显低于单药组（P<0．05）。结论辛伐他汀联合依折麦布对动脉粥样硬化有明显的抑制作用，能减轻炎症反应，降低血脂水平。“,”Objective To investigate the effects of simvastatin combined with ezetimibe on high fat diet ApoE -/- mice atherosclerosis. Methods 36 ApoE-/-mice were fed with high fat diet to establish the atherosclerosis (AS) model, and were randomly divided into model group, single medicine group and combined medicine group. The single medicine group was given simvastatin 20 mg/(kg·d); combined medication group was given simvastatin 20 mg/(kg·d) and ezetimibe 20 mg/(kg·d). 12 C57BL/6J wild type mice were used as normal controls. After 12 weeks, the levels of serum lipids were determined by enzymatic method. Tumor necrosis factorα(TNF-α) and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) were detected by ELISA method. AS plaques pathological changes in each group was observed. Results The levels of low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) in the model group were significantly higher than those of the normal control group, while the high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly lower than that of the normal control group (P<0.05). The serum lipid levels of both medicine groups was improved compared with that of the model group , and the improvement of the combined medicine group was significantly better than that in the single medicine group (P<0.05). TNF-αand MCP-1 levels of both medicine groups had improved compared with the model group; TNF-α and MCP-1 levels of the combined medicine group were [(137.12±27.80)pg/ml and (51.09±6.03)pg/ml] significantly lower than those of the single medicine group (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the aortic atherosclerotic lesions in both medicine groups were significantly reduced. The ratios of lipid components accounted for plaque area, calcification staining accounted for plaque area and OPN staining accounted for plaque area were [(12.43 ±4.40)%, (3.01 ±0.79)%and (10.08 ±1.87)%] significantly lower than those of the single medicine group (P<0.05). Conclusion Simvastatin combined with ezetimibe on atherosclerosis has obvious inhibiting effect, can reduce inflammation, and reduce the blood lipid level.