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利用基于参量下转换产生的相关光子可以实现“无溯源”的绝对定标.该方法推广应用于模拟探测器定标的过程中,准确获取光电脉冲对应的电荷量统计参数是主要难点.本文提出了一种新的光电流概率统计模型,假定某一时刻采集的电荷量概率是所有脉冲可能包含电荷量的概率叠加,对概率函数进行拉普拉斯变换和高阶求解偏导,获得了光电流波动与各通道一个光电脉冲包含电荷量波动之间的关系.为了精确获取该统计模型需要的平均光子计数,消除光电倍增管的非线性效应和脉冲堆积效应,本文测量了不同功率下的光子速率和输出光电流,通过对光电流输出曲线与光子计数曲线匹配,获得了定标模拟探测器时的光子速率,最终实现.按照上述理论开展了光电转换型In Sb模拟探测器在3.39?m的绝对量子效率定标实验,转换为绝对功率响应度与国内计量单位的测量结果进行了比较,相对偏差为3.00%,本文定标方法的相对合成不确定度为7.24%.该研究结果为相关光子方法定标模拟探测器提供了基本理论模型和应用参考.
The absolute calibration of “traceless ” can be achieved by using the correlation photon generated by the downconversion of parameters. This method is widely applied in the calibration of analog probe. It is the main difficulty to obtain the statistical parameters of the charge quantity corresponding to the optoelectronic pulse exactly. In this paper, a new model of probability of photocurrent is proposed. Supposing that the probability of charge collected at a certain moment is the probability of all impulses including the charge, the Laplace transform and higher-order solution of the probability function are obtained. In order to obtain the average photon counting required by this statistical model and eliminate the nonlinear effect and pulse stacking effect of photomultiplier tube, this paper measured the relationship between the fluctuation of photocurrent and the charge fluctuation of a photoelectric pulse in each channel. Of the photon velocity and output photocurrent, through the photo-current output curve and photon counting curve matching obtained photon detector calibration photon rate, and ultimately achieved.According to the above theory of photoelectric conversion type In Sb analog detector at 3.39 m absolute quantum efficiency calibration experiment, converted to the absolute power response and the measurement results of the domestic units of measurement Comparison, the relative deviation of 3.00%, the relative uncertainty of the synthetic methods described herein is calibration of 7.24%. The result is a photon correlation method scaling analog probe provides the basic theory and application of the reference model.