太谷核不育小麦(下简称太谷麦)天然突变体自1972年发现以后[1],经多方面研究,鉴定是由显性单基因控制的雄性不育材料[2、3]。1980年以来又组织开展了多学科的协作研究。我们所承担的细胞学观察工作曾查明,其不育株花粉败育主要发生在形成四分体和释放小孢子前后,或在此前的不同阶段均出现败育现象,退化过程是急速的。同时发现不育株花粉母细胞减数分裂过程不正常,出现各种染色体行为异常现象,以及绒毡层提早退化等细胞形态方面的特点[2、4]。其他作者也获得与我们大体一致的看法[6、7、8]。太 The natural mutant of Taigu nuclear sterile wheat (hereinafter referred to as Taigumai) has been discovered since 1972 [1]. After many studies, it has been identified as a male sterile material controlled by a dominant single gene [2,3]. Since 1980, a multi-disciplinary collaborative research has been organized. Our undertaking of cytological observations has identified that its sterile plant pollen abortion occurs mainly in the formation of tetrad and the release of microspores before or after, or in different stages before the emergence of abortion, the degradation process is rapid. Also found that sterile plant pollen mother cell meiosis is not normal process, there are a variety of chromosomal abnormalities, as well as the tapetum premature degeneration and other cell morphological characteristics [2,4]. Other authors have also gained the same general view of us [6,7,8]. too