苏联解体,冷战结束,国际形势巨变,国际政治斗争中出现了许多新问题。一些过去我们新闻报道中常用的概念,如民族主义、民族自决权、国家利益等,在内涵上均已发生了变化。有的原来具有积极、进步的意义,今天已变成消极的因素;有的已调转了矛头指向;有的纯粹是新词新概念。 一、民族主义(Nationalism) 近几年,西方舆论一方面把民族主义说成“比共产主义更危险”,另一方面又明里暗里鼓动和支持民族分离主义。民族主义原是地主、资产阶级在民族关系上的反映,在不同历史时期和不同条件下具有不同的作用。在资本主义上升时期,资产阶级举起民族的旗帜,用民族主义思想去动员本民族反对封建主义和民族压迫。因而,在这个时期的民族主义 The collapse of the Soviet Union, the end of the Cold War, the drastic changes in the international situation and the emergence of many new problems in the international political struggle. Some concepts commonly used in our news coverage in the past, such as nationalism, the right of peoples to self-determination and the national interest, have all changed in content. Some have had a positive and progressive meaning. Today, it has become a negative factor. Some have reversed their spearheads. Some have purely new concepts of new words. I. Nationalism In recent years, Western media, on the one hand, has described nationalism as “more dangerous than communism,” while on the other it has explicitly and secretly encouraged and supported national separatism. Nationalism was originally a reflection of the landlord and the bourgeoisie on ethnic relations and played different roles in different historical periods and under different conditions. During the capitalist rise, the bourgeoisie raised the banner of the nation and used its nationalist ideology to mobilize its own people against feudalism and national oppression. Thus, nationalism in this period