为探讨引起儿童间质性肺疾病(ILD)的疾病谱及评估程序性诊断评估模式在临床的应用价值 ,对49例长期咳嗽和/或胸部X线有间质性病变的住院病儿 ,按询问病史、体格检查、非侵入性实验室检查、侵入性检查的程序评估模式进行诊断 ,其中明确诊断37例 ,疑似诊断7例 ,诊断不明5例。结果显示感染是引起儿童ILD的主要原因 ;HRCT对诊断ILD有很高的价值。表明程序性的诊断评估步骤能较全面、系统地指导临床医师进行正确诊断 ,同时也减少了不必要的检查对患者的负担 To investigate the disease spectrum of pediatric patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) and to evaluate the diagnostic value of procedural diagnosis in clinical practice, 49 patients with long-term cough and / or chest X-ray interstitial lesions Ask medical history, physical examination, non-invasive laboratory tests, invasive procedures for the assessment of evaluation procedures, including a clear diagnosis of 37 cases, 7 cases of suspected diagnosis, 5 cases of unknown diagnosis. The results show that infection is the main cause of ILD in children; HRCT is of great value in the diagnosis of ILD. This shows that procedural diagnostic evaluation can provide a comprehensive and systematic guideline for correct diagnosis by clinicians and reduce unnecessary burden on patients