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种子认证和品种认定作为种子市场准入制度的两种不同模式,对于促进种子产业发展具有积极意义。在市场发育较强,制度完善和农业规模化程度高的发达国家和地区主要采用认证制度;而在市场发育较弱,制度不完备和以小农生产的中国及发展中国家和地区,长期以来采用品种审定制度。本文比较两种制度,探讨中国种子市场准入制度逐步从审定走向认证的合理性和具体应对策略。
As the two different modes of seed market access system, seed certification and species identification have positive significance for promoting the development of seed industry. In the developed countries and regions with strong market development, perfect system and large scale of agriculture, the authentication system is mainly adopted. In China and other developing countries and regions where market development is weak, the system is not perfect and small-scale farmers have long been employed Variety approval system. This article compares the two systems to explore the rationale and concrete countermeasures that China’s seed market access system gradually moves from validation to certification.