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１９９５年，在捕获原子的稀薄气体中玻色－爱因斯坦凝聚（ＢＥＣ）的实现，表明宏观数量的玻色粒子处在了单一的量子能态，宏观气体可以用单个波函数来描述．和激光腔中单一模式对光子的储存相类似，ＢＥＣ可看作被宏观布居的样品原子所占有的量子态．在激光中，用部分反射镜
In 1995, the realization of Bose-Einstein Condensation (BEC) in a rarefied gas captured the atom, indicating that the macroscopic number of Bose particles is in a single quantum energy state and the macroscopic gas can be described by a single wave function. Similar to the single-mode storage of photons in a laser cavity, BEC can be viewed as the quantum state occupied by macroscopically arranged sample atoms. In lasers, use partial mirrors