论文部分内容阅读
近年来,在世界及我国发生多次海上溢油事故,在处理海上溢油事故过程中,学习、总结、积累了一定的海上溢油应急处置技术和经验。但是对海上冰区溢油应急处置研究较少,而我国北方海域在冰区发生溢油事故的风险较高。冰区溢油的扩散与漂移和一般海上溢油有着众多不同之处,从而影响溢油的有效围控与回收。冰区溢油处于海面上的原油受水温的影响多为固态,扩散较为缓慢。溢油的漂移与冰区的特征有着重要关系。在浮冰区域,溢油会随浮冰一起漂移而不会与浮冰区域相分离,在大面积块状厚冰区域,溢油进入冰层下部后,扩散与漂移较为复杂,不利于溢油的围控与回收。
In recent years, many marine oil spills have occurred in the world and in our country. During the process of handling oil spills at sea, we have learned and summarized some accumulated technologies and experiences in emergency treatment of offshore oil spills. However, there are few researches on the emergency disposal of oil spills in offshore ice regions, while the risk of oil spills in the ice regions of northern China is high. There are many differences between the spread and drift of oil spills in ice and general oil spills at sea, thus affecting the effective containment and recovery of oil spills. Oil in the ice area Oil on the sea surface is mostly affected by the temperature of the water, the diffusion is slow. The drift of oil spill has an important relationship with the characteristics of ice region. In the ice floe area, the oil spill will drift along with the ice floe without being separated from the ice floe area. In the massive block ice floe area, after the oil spill enters the lower part of the ice layer, the diffusion and drift are more complicated and not conducive to oil spill The control and recycling.