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一、化肥在农业生产中的作用 施用化肥已成为提高作物单产的重要措施。在农业生产各项增产措施中,化肥占有重要作用。联合国粮农组织统计资料表明,1950～1970年20年间世界粮食增产一倍,其中扩大播种面积仅增产2％,提高单产增加78％,而在提高单产中化肥的增产作用约占40～70％。 增施化肥在我国农业增产中有举足轻重的作用,从1949～1983年的35年中,全国用于化肥工业投资223.2亿元,累计生产氮肥(纯氮)9023.3万吨,磷肥(P_2O_5)2827.1万吨,钾肥(K_2O)25.9万吨,产值超过1000亿元,为国家提供税利100亿元。
First, the role of chemical fertilizers in agricultural production Fertilizer application has become an important measure to improve crop yields. Fertilizer plays an important role in various stimulation measures for agricultural production. The FAO statistics show that the world’s grain output doubled in the 20 years from 1950 to 1970, of which the expanded sown area only increased by 2% and the yield increased by 78%, while the increased yield of fertilizers increased by 40-70%. In the 35 years from 1949 to 1983, the national investment in fertilizer industry was 22.32 billion yuan, with a total amount of 90.233 million tons of nitrogenous fertilizer (pure nitrogen) and 28.271 million tons of phosphorus fertilizer (P 2 O 5) 259,000 tons of potash fertilizer (K 2 O), with an output value of more than 100 billion yuan, providing tax and profits of 10 billion yuan to the country.