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目的掌握塔里木盆地蜱类生态位宽度和生态位重叠,从蜱类生态学角度探讨该地区蜱类在蜱媒自然疫源性疾病上的作用。方法在该地区蜱类群落聚类分类基础上,采用hannon-Wiener的生态位宽度指数公式和Pianka(1973)的生态位重叠公式,计算各蜱类的生态位宽度和生态位重叠指数。结果亚洲璃眼蜱指名亚种和亚东璃眼蜱的生态位宽度最大,分别为0.5257和0.468,其次为图兰扇头蜱和银钝革蜱(0.379和0.299),血红扇头蜱最小(0);图兰扇头蜱、银钝革蜱和血红扇头蜱三者相互之间的生态位重叠值最高均在0.9以上,2种璃眼蜱间的重叠值次之,为0.3479。亚洲璃眼蜱指名亚种与银钝革蜱、亚东璃眼蜱与图兰扇头蜱之间生态位重叠值分别为0.2387和0.1617。亚东璃眼蜱与血红扇头蜱和银钝革蜱,以及亚洲璃眼蜱指名亚种和2种扇头蜱之间的生态位重叠值都在0.1以下。结论亚洲璃眼蜱指名亚种和亚东璃眼蜱在塔里木盆地蜱类群落中占有十分重要的地位,并存在栖息地分布上的分离。
Objective To understand the niche breadth and niche overlap of ticks in the Tarim Basin, and to explore the role of ticks in the tick-borne natural foci in terms of tick ecology. Methods Based on the clustering classification of tick community in this area, the niche breadth and niche overlap index of each tick were calculated using the niche breadth index formula of Hannon-Wiener and the niche overlapping formula of Pianka (1973). Results The niche breadths of P. orientalis and P. orientalis were the highest (0.5257 and 0.468, respectively), followed by Turturian false blue ticks (0.379 and 0.299) 0). The highest value of niche overlap among the three Turania odoriatus, Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Heterodera serpense was 0.9 or more, and the overlap between two species of Ornithophlechus eye was 0.3479. The niche overlapping values between Asian blue eye tick and Asian blue tick tick, Asian blue eye tick and Turandot tick were 0.2387 and 0.1617 respectively. Eichhornia crassipes ticks had less than 0.1 niche overlap with R. sanguineus and P. vannamei, as well as the niche overlaps between P. orientalis subspecies and two T. cercis. Conclusion Acipenser tarda and E. orientalis ticks occupy a very important position in the tick community in the Tarim Basin, and their habitat distribution has been separated.