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近地表速度建模是关系到速度建模质量,静校正精度及深层成像的关键技术.由于地表条件的复杂,近地表速度估计是一个困难的问题.目前通常使用走时反演获取近地表速度信息,但精度上不能满足日益复杂的勘探情况.近地表波形反演是近年来兴起的反演方法.地球物理学家试图采用时间域、频率域方法,利用走时、波形等信息来精确反演近地表速度结构.本文总结了近地表速度建模各种方法的基本原理、关键技术并结合近地表起伏的特殊情况做了对比分析,最后对该技术的应用和发展前景做了展望.
Near-surface velocity modeling is a key technique that is related to the speed modeling quality, static correction accuracy and deep imaging. Due to the complex surface conditions, near-surface velocity estimation is a difficult problem. At present, walk-around inversion is usually used to obtain near-surface velocity information , But the accuracy can not meet the increasingly complex exploration situation.An inversion of near surface waveforms is an inversion method that has arisen in recent years.Geophysicists attempt to use the time domain, frequency domain method, the use of travel time, waveform and other information to accurately inversion Surface velocity structure.This paper summarizes the basic principles and key technologies of various methods of near surface velocity modeling and compares them with the special case of near surface undulation.Finally, the prospect and application prospect of this technique are prospected.