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日本在研究经费的管理上采取了与欧美不同的作法,政府除了每年向国立和公立大学、研究机关、进行基础性研究开发的特殊法人的研究机关提供研究费外,政府对民间的研究活动采取了积极资助和振兴的对策。这种资助大多是通过中央各省、厅、地方公共团体及政府的有关机构来实现的。下面将与资助自然科学基础研究有关的科学基金资助机构做一简介。文部省其拥有的经费占政府的R&D预算总额的一半左右。文部省科研预算的3/4用于国立大学。它是日本教育科学文化事业的极为重要的负责机构。
Japan has taken a different approach to the management of research funding than that of Europe and the United States. In addition to the annual research grants provided by the government to state and public universities, research institutes, and research institutes that conduct basic research and development of special legal persons, the government takes on private research activities The active funding and revitalization of the countermeasures. Most of this funding is through the central provinces, offices, local public bodies and government agencies to achieve. In the following, we will give an introduction to the funding agencies of science funds that support the basic research of natural sciences. The Ministry of Finance owns about half of the government's total R & D budget. Three-quarters of the Ministry of Education's research budget is for the National University. It is an extremely important responsible body for the education of Japanese science and culture.