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××綫隧道大多穿过页岩地层,都发生过程度不同的坍方。这說明从設計到施工都必须从控制坍方这一点出发。事实上,出现坍方,計划就被打乱,若普遍发生坍方时,全部計划即失效。下面討論不良地质偏压洞口存在的問题。一、洞口仰坡修建隧道,首先遇到的是开挖仰坡,如何保持仰坡稳定,使能安全顺利进洞,这是設計和施工必须解决的技术問题。根据山体压力的作用情况,一般洞口可分为正压与偏压两种。正压洞口在进洞处綫路方向与等高綫接近垂直。
Most of the × × line tunnels pass through shale formations, and all have suffered landslides of different degrees. This shows that from design to construction must start from the control of collapse. In fact, in the event of a landslide, the plan is disrupted. If the landslide occurs in general, the entire plan will lapse. The following discussion of poor geological bias hole problems. First, the hole Yangsan tunnel construction, the first encountered is excavation Yangpo, how to maintain the slope stability, enabling safe and smooth hole, which is the design and construction must solve the technical problems. According to the role of mountain pressure, the general hole can be divided into two kinds of positive pressure and bias. Positive pressure hole in the hole at the line direction and contour near vertical.