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目的分析黄石市手足口病重症病例的流行规律,探索手足口病重症病例发病危险因素,为有效的防治手足口病提供科学依据。方法对黄石市2012年报告的96例手足口病重症病例进行个案调查,收集信息并建立数据库,应用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2012年共有96例手足口病重症病例,其中男66.67%,女33.33%;发病年龄最小为1个月,最大9岁,3岁以下占91.66%;4~6月为高发时段,占93.75%;发病主要集中在农村及城乡结合人员流动频繁的区域,以散居儿童为主,占81.25%;病死率为6.25%,EV71为主要病原体;临床表现以发热和皮疹为主,同时伴有神经系统症状。结论黄石市2012年手足口病重症病例发病有季节性,以3岁以下散居儿童多发,病死率较高,应在流行季节针对重点地区重点人群开展综合防控措施,及早甄别救治重症病例,减少死亡发生。
Objective To analyze the prevalence of severe cases of HFMD in Huangshi City and explore the risk factors of HFMD in patients with HFMD and provide a scientific basis for effective prevention and treatment of HFMD. Methods Ninety - six cases of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) reported by Huangshi City in 2012 were investigated on a case - by - case basis. Information was collected and a database was constructed. The epidemiological method was used to analyze the data. Results A total of 96 HFMD cases were found in 2012, of which 66.67% were male and 33.33% were female. The minimum age of onset was 1 month, the maximum was 9 years old and 91.66% of those under 3 years old. The incidence was high in April to June, accounting for 93.75 %; Incidence mainly in rural areas and urban-rural areas with frequent movement of personnel to disperse children, accounting for 81.25%; case fatality rate was 6.25%, EV71 as the main pathogen; clinical manifestations of fever and rash mainly accompanied by nerve System symptoms. Conclusion The incidence of HFMD cases is seasonal in Huangshi City in 2012, and the number of scattered children under 3 years of age is high. The mortality rate is high. Comprehensive prevention and control measures should be implemented for key populations in key areas during the epidemic season. Early detection and treatment of severe cases should be reduced Death happened.