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数据采集是浅层地震勘探的首要环节,对后续数据处理和解释都有重大影响。本文在分析浅层地震勘探实际应用条件和方法技术特征的基础上,建立了浅层地震地质模型,并针对不同的采集参数进行了正演模拟研究,重点讨论了不同排列长度以及最小偏移距对单炮记录的影响,由此得出了浅层地震勘探最佳窗口选取的主要依据是浅部目的层的最大入射角,即浅部目的层层位埋深与最大偏移距的关系。正演模拟结果表明,“小排列”不仅是浅层地震勘探的特点,更是数据采集质量的有力保障。
Data acquisition is the primary link of shallow seismic exploration, which has great influence on the subsequent data processing and interpretation. Based on the analysis of the practical application conditions and technical characteristics of shallow seismic exploration, this paper established a shallow seismic geological model and conducted a forward modeling study for different acquisition parameters, focusing on different arrangement length and minimum offset It is concluded that the optimal window for shallow seismic exploration is mainly based on the maximum incident angle of the shallow target layer, that is, the relationship between the depth of the shallow target layer and the maximum offset. The forward modeling results show that “small arrangement” is not only the characteristic of shallow seismic exploration, but also the strong guarantee of data acquisition quality.