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目的:寻找上海市突发性灾害的某些规律,就如何提高对突发性灾害的应急能力进行探讨。方法:对1990～2000年期间,由上海市医疗急救中心院前急救的118次突发性灾害的资料,作流行病学分析和Foxplus处理。结果:突发性灾害类型的前三位构成比依次为交通事故(24.58%)、火灾(22.03%)和煤气中毒(12.71%);人员伤亡主要集中在21～50岁的年龄段;事故主要发生在10:00至16:00之间;大于10分钟的反应间期者有79起,占67%。对突发灾害应急反应的三项指标均有延长趋势。结论:为提高对突发性灾害的现场救援能力,应加强本市院前急救网络建设,向市民普及急救和安全知识,增加救护站点和值班车辆,开展航空救护和摩托车救护。
Objective: To find out some regularities of sudden disasters in Shanghai and to discuss how to improve emergency capabilities for sudden disasters. Methods: From 1990 to 2000, epidemiological analysis and Foxplus treatment of 118 sudden disasters in prehospital emergency of Shanghai Medical Emergency Center were conducted. Results: The proportions of the top three of sudden disaster types were traffic accidents (24.58%), fire (22.03%) and gas poisoning (12.71%). The casualties were mainly in the age group of 21 to 50 years. The main accidents Occurred between 10:00 to 16:00; more than 10 minutes of the reaction interval were 79, accounting for 67%. Emergency response to sudden disasters, the three indicators have an extended trend. Conclusion: In order to improve on-site rescue capability for sudden disasters, the construction of pre-hospital emergency network should be strengthened to popularize first aid and safety knowledge to the public, increase ambulance sites and on-duty vehicles, and carry out air ambulance and motorcycle ambulance.