论文部分内容阅读
中国药典所載麻黄生物鹼含量测定法手續轂繁,尤其採用滲漉法提取生物鹼,虽然提取可以完全,但费时較久,溶媒消耗亦多;且一般滲漉筒上均無密盖裝置,如在炎日溶媒揮發太快而使操作帶来困难。在提取过程中既未說明滲漉次数,又未介紹驗証生物鹼已被提尽的方法,使人难于掌握。在精制生物鹼时,酸提取液在分液漏斗中需用氯化鈉飽和,操作颇不方便。其后醚提取液,未規定用飽和氯化鈉液洗滌,而醚提取液中混入的鹼量,有时非常可观,致使結果偏高。最后醚提取液需加温蒸發至10ml以除去醚,这一步不仅徒然浪費溶媒,且在蒸發过程中会使部分生物鹼揮散損失。由于这个方法存在着这些缺点,因此作者認为有修改和簡化的必要。作者曾参考若干文献,經过多次实驗,根据实驗中的心得,自己設計了一个方法,应用这方法所测得的結果較为稳定而准确。因此个人認为尚有介紹的价值,現在把它写在下面供大家参考試用。
The Chinese Pharmacopoeia contains ephedra alkaloids as a method for determining the content of alkaloids, especially for the extraction of alkaloids by the method of percolation. Although the extraction can be complete, it takes a long time and consumes much solvent; in general, there is no cover device on the percolation tube. If the solvent volatilizes too quickly on the day of the inflammation, the operation will be difficult. In the extraction process, neither the number of infiltration nor the method for verifying that alkaloids have been extracted has been described, making it difficult to grasp. In the purification of alkaloids, the acid extract needs to be saturated with sodium chloride in the separatory funnel, and the operation is inconvenient. Since the ether extract was not specified to be washed with a saturated sodium chloride solution, the amount of alkali mixed in the ether extract was sometimes very considerable, resulting in a high result. Finally, the ether extract needs to be heated and evaporated to 10 ml to remove the ether. This step not only wastes the solvent in vain, but also causes some alkaloids to be lost in the evaporation process. Since this method has these drawbacks, the author believes that there is a need for modification and simplification. The author once referred to several documents, and after many experiments, according to the experience in the experiment, he designed a method himself. The results obtained by applying this method are more stable and accurate. Therefore, I personally think that there is still the value of the introduction, and now it is written below for your reference.