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目的探讨短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)的病因、发病机制、相关因素及治疗方法和近期预后。方法回顾性分析76例TIA患者的临床资料。结果 70例经抗血小板、抗凝、降纤对症综合治疗后未发作;6例发展为脑梗死,4例颈内动脉系脑梗死,2例椎基底动脉系脑梗死,其中1例脑干严重梗死死亡。结论影响TIA的危险因素为高血压、心脏病、血脂异常等。颈动脉硬化斑块形成在TIA发作中起重要作用,对TIA患者积极查找病因,针对危险因素有效治疗给予抗血小板,控制血压、血糖,必要时抗凝、降纤治疗以改善预后。
Objective To investigate the etiology, pathogenesis, related factors, treatment and short-term prognosis of transient ischemic attack (TIA). Methods The clinical data of 76 TIA patients were retrospectively analyzed. Results Seventy patients underwent antiplatelet, anticoagulation and antifibrillage therapy without complications. Six patients developed cerebral infarction, four patients with internal carotid artery infarction and two patients with vertebrobasilar cerebral infarction. One patient had severe brainstem Infarct death. Conclusion The risk factors affecting TIA are hypertension, heart disease and dyslipidemia. Carotid atherosclerosis plaque formation plays an important role in the onset of TIA. TIA patients actively search for the cause, effective treatment for risk factors given anti-platelet, blood pressure, blood glucose, if necessary, anticoagulation, fibrinolytic therapy to improve the prognosis.