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良好的保温设计是水下采油树流动安全保障的基本措施,包括水下采油树“热点”和“冷点”的保温处理。通过对“热点”位置添加保温材料,对“冷点”位置安装可靠的保温结构,改善水下采油树整体结构的传热特性,进而防止原油析蜡和水合物结晶。保温设计的关键问题是传热计算,目前通用的水下采油树传热计算方法准确度不够。通过概述水下采油树传热计算方法的不足和改进方向,详细介绍了水下采油树保温方案的设计方法。
A good thermal insulation design is a basic measure for the safety of the flow of the tree, including underwater tree “hot spots” and “cold spots”. By adding insulation to the “hot spot” location and installing a reliable insulation structure at the “cold spot” location, the heat transfer characteristics of the overall structure of the subsea tree are improved, thereby preventing wax precipitation and hydrate crystallization of the crude oil. The key issue in thermal insulation design is heat transfer calculation. At present, the general method of calculating the heat transfer of subsea tree is not accurate enough. By summarizing the insufficiency and improving direction of heat transfer calculation method of subsea tree, the design method of subsea tree heat preservation scheme is introduced in detail.