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根据20年定位试验资料,阐述了有机肥与化肥配施、单施有机肥、单施化肥及不施肥等五种施肥方式对作物产量和土壤肥力的影响。两季作物的总产量以有机肥与化肥配施处理最高,较单施有机肥和单施化肥分别增产18.4%～36.1%和7.4%～23.4%。有机肥与化肥配合,能显著增加土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、有效氮、磷的含量。每kg氮素增产粮食数也以等量的有机肥与化肥配施的处理最多。有机肥加化肥是砂姜黑土培肥改良较理想的施肥方式,但同时必须重视钾肥的施用。
According to the data of 20 years’ experiment, the effect of five fertilizing modes including organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer, single organic fertilizer, single chemical fertilizer and non-fertilization on crop yield and soil fertility were described. The total crop yield of the two seasons was the highest with organic manure and chemical fertilizer application, which increased by 18.4% -36.1% and 7.4% -23.4% respectively compared with that of single organic fertilizer and single chemical fertilizer. Organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer, can significantly increase soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available nitrogen, phosphorus content. The amount of grains per kg of nitrogen increased by the same amount of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer processing the most. Organic fertilizers and chemical fertilizers are the ideal fertilizers to improve soil fertility of Shajiang black soil, but at the same time, the application of potash fertilizer must be emphasized.