工效学是关于人类工作设计的科学。工效学损伤是指那些由受害者本人的工作性质所造成的伤害,最常见的情况就是该项任务需要付出的劳动超出了劳动者本人的能力。本文讨论了两种常见性工效学损伤的因果关系及其社会—经济影响。这就是人类的背部伤痛,以及影响颈、肩和上肢等部位的肌—骨病症,即人们所熟知的重复性过劳损伤(RSI)。 Ergonomics is the science of human work design. Ergonomics injuries are injuries caused by the nature of the victim's work, the most common of which is the task of the task beyond the ability of the worker himself. This article discusses the causal relationship between two common ergonomic traumas and their socio-economic implications. This is the human back pain, and the musculoskeletal conditions that affect the neck, shoulders and upper limbs, known as repetitive over-exertion (RSI).