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目的探讨中学生健康危险行为与亚健康症状的关系,为青少年亚健康的教育和干预提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样的方法,抽取重庆市6所中学初一、初二、高一、高二的3 069名中小学生进行问卷调查。基线调查未检测出亚健康症状的学生继续进行为期9个月的随访。结果基线亚健康症状的检出率为52.46%。1 204人完成随访,随访期间亚健康症状的新发率为13.87%。经过单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析的共同筛选,偏食(OR=1.629,95%CI=1.092~2.430)、不良减肥行为(OR=2.410,95%CI=1.334~4.354)、故意伤害(OR=1.930,95%CI=1.249~2.984)是躯体亚健康症状的危险因素(P值均<0.05);吸烟(OR=2.849,95%CI=1.106~7.340)、自杀(OR=3.380,95%CI=2.000~5.714)是心理亚健康的危险因素(P值均<0.05);偏食(OR=1.574,95%CI=1.125~2.200)、故意伤害(OR=1.586,95%CI=1.079~2.330)、自杀(OR=2.742,95%CI=1.682~4.470)是中学生身心亚健康的危险因素(P值均<0.05)。结论重庆市中学生的亚健康检出率较高。应持续关注这一领域,并为减少健康危险行为的暴露而开展适当的教育和干预。
Objective To explore the relationship between health risk behaviors and sub-health symptoms among middle school students, and to provide evidence for adolescent's sub-health education and intervention. Methods A multi-stage stratified random sampling method was used to select 3 069 primary and middle school students from the first, second, first and second year of six middle schools in Chongqing for questionnaire survey. Baseline Surveys Students who did not detect sub-health symptoms continued for a 9-month follow-up. Results The detection rate of sub-health symptoms at baseline was 52.46%. A total of 1 204 people were followed up. The new incidence of sub-health symptoms during follow-up was 13.87%. (OR = 1.629, 95% CI = 1.092-2.430), adverse weight loss behavior (OR = 2.410, 95% CI = 1.334-4.354), intentional injury (OR = (OR = 2.849, 95% CI = 1.106-7.340) and suicide (OR = 3.380, 95% CI: 1.930, 95% CI = 1.249-2.884) were the risk factors of somatic sub-health symptoms (OR = 1.574, 95% CI = 1.125-2.200), intentional injury (OR = 1.586, 95% CI = 1.079-2.330) , Suicide (OR = 2.742, 95% CI = 1.682 ~ 4.470) was a risk factor for physical and mental health of middle school students (P <0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of sub-health among middle school students in Chongqing is high. There should be continued attention in this area and proper education and intervention to reduce exposure to health risks.