目的了解阿坝州农牧区妇女常见病发病情况,分析探讨相关影响因素,为提高当地妇女健康水平,促进妇女常见病防控工作提供参考依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,在阿坝州7个县抽取1881名18~60岁有性生活史的妇女进行问卷调查与妇女常见病普查,了解阴道炎、慢性宫颈炎、盆腔炎以及阴道膨出等妇女常见病的患病情况,并运用χ2检验分析影响妇女患上述疾病的主要因素。结果阿坝州农牧区妇女常见病总体患病率为72.62%,其中阴道炎患病率最高(53.38%),其次为慢性宫颈炎(18.29%)及阴道膨出(12.92%)。牧区总体患病率明显高于农区(P<0.001)。农牧区妇女个人卫生习惯总体较差,且在产褥期得不到充分休息,与农区相比,这种现象在牧区更为严重(P<0.001)。产后休息时间为阴道膨出的影响因素,产后休息>1个月者阴道膨出检出率明显低于休息<1个月者(P<0.001)。洗澡频率、清洗外阴频率、平时是否穿内裤以及产后休息时间为阴道炎的影响因素,每周洗澡、清洗外阴者阴道炎检出率明显低于1周以上洗澡或清洗外阴者,平时穿内裤者阴道炎发生率明显低于不穿内裤者,产后休息时间>1个月者阴道炎检出率明显低于休息时间<1个月者(P<0.001)。经期使用卫生巾以及产后休息时间为慢性宫颈炎的影响因素,经期使用卫生巾者慢性宫颈炎检出率明显低于不使用卫生巾者,而产后休息时间>1个月及以上者慢性宫颈炎检出率明显低于<1个月者(P<0.001)。结论阿坝州农牧区妇女常见病患病率较高,个人卫生习惯以及产褥期休息情况是影响当地妇女常见病的主要因素,应通过宣传教育等措施促进阿坝州农牧区,特别是牧区的妇女改善个人卫生习惯,加强产后休息,以降低阿坝州农牧区妇女常见疾病发病率。 Objective To understand the prevalence of common diseases among women in the farming and pasturing areas in Aba Prefecture and to analyze and discuss related influencing factors so as to provide references for improving the health of local women and promoting the prevention and control of common diseases in women. Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to survey 1881 women with sexual history of 18 to 60 years in 7 counties of Aba County to conduct questionnaire survey and general survey of common diseases of women to understand the causes of vaginitis, chronic cervicitis, pelvic inflammatory disease and vagina Bulging and other common diseases of women prevalence, and the use of χ2 test analysis of the main factors affecting women suffering from these diseases. Results The prevalence of common diseases among women in the farming and pasturing areas in Aba Prefecture was 72.62%. The prevalence of vaginitis was the highest (53.38%), followed by chronic cervicitis (18.29%) and vaginal bulging (12.92%). The overall prevalence rate in pastoral areas was significantly higher than that in rural areas (P <0.001). Women’s health habits in rural areas and pastoral areas were generally poor, and were not adequately rest in the puerperium. Compared with the rural areas, this phenomenon was more serious in the pastoral areas (P <0.001). Postpartum resting time was the influencing factor of vaginal bulge. The detection rate of vaginal bulge after 1 month postpartum rest was significantly lower than that of resting <1 month (P <0.001). Bath frequency, frequency of cleaning the vulva, usually wearing underwear and postpartum resting time for vaginitis factors, weekly bathing, cleaning vulva vaginitis detection rate was significantly lower than 1 week bathing or cleaning the vulva, who usually wear underwear Vaginitis incidence was significantly lower than those without panties, postpartum resting time> 1 month, the detection rate of vaginitis was significantly lower than the resting time <1 month (P <0.001). Menstrual use of sanitary napkins and postpartum resting time factors for chronic cervicitis, menstrual use of sanitary napkin chronic cervicitis detection rate was significantly lower than those who do not use sanitary napkins, and postpartum resting time> 1 month and above chronic cervicitis The detection rate was significantly lower than <1 month (P <0.001). Conclusion The prevalence rate of common diseases of women in rural areas and pastoral areas in Aba Prefecture is high. Personal hygiene and postpartum rest are the main factors that affect the common diseases of local women. Publicity and education should be used to promote women and children in pastoral areas, especially in pastoral areas. Improve personal hygiene habits, strengthen postpartum rest, to reduce the incidence of common diseases among women in rural areas and pastoral areas in Aba Prefecture.