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目的观察对高血压患者进行综合干预的效果,为在农村社区中实施有效的干预措施提供依据。方法抽取常州市武进区4个农村社区,对其中两个社区的869例高血压患者进行综合干预,2个社区784例高血压患者作对照进行为期4年的社区综合干预。对干预组给予药物治疗、健康教育、饮食、运动以及生活行为指导;对照组仅给予药物治疗。结果综合干预组的高血压相关知识知晓率有明显提高,高血压标准、盐与高血压、肥胖与高血压、饮食与高血压、高血压的危害、血压的控制方法的知晓率分别为66.87%、85.94%、89.00%、82.89%、74.94%、60.88%,均高于对照组(P值均<0.01);有关高血压的行为改变率也有明显改善,规律运动率、定期测量血压率、饮食偏咸的比例分别为68.83%、70.29%、12.47%,均较对照组有改善(P值均<0.01)。而干预后干预组患者的规律服药率和血压控制率分别为59.05%和60.76%,均高于对照组(P值均<0.01)。结论综合干预措施对农村社区的高血压患者有明显的干预效果。
Objective To observe the effects of comprehensive interventions in patients with hypertension and provide evidence for effective interventions in rural communities. Methods Four rural communities in Wujin District of Changzhou City were sampled and 869 hypertensive patients in two communities were intervened comprehensively. A total of 784 hypertensive patients in two communities were controlled for a four-year community-based intervention. The intervention group was given medication, health education, diet, exercise and lifestyle guidance; the control group only given drug treatment. Results The awareness rate of hypertension-related knowledge in comprehensive intervention group was significantly improved. The awareness rate of hypertension control, salt and hypertension, obesity and hypertension, diet and hypertension, hypertension and blood pressure control were 66.87% , 85.94%, 89.00%, 82.89%, 74.94% and 60.88%, respectively, were higher than those in the control group (all P <0.01). The rate of behavior change related to hypertension was also significantly improved. The regular exercise rate, blood pressure, The proportion of salty salty were 68.83%, 70.29% and 12.47%, respectively, which were all improved compared with the control group (P <0.01). In the intervention group, the regular medication rate and the blood pressure control rate were 59.05% and 60.76%, respectively, which were higher than those in the control group (P <0.01). Conclusion Comprehensive interventions have obvious intervention effects on hypertension in rural community.