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二氧化碳(CO2)的吸收和封存技术是规模化减缓CO2排放的手段之一,但其脱附、压缩、运输和储存过程中,不可避免地消耗能量.同时,CO2作为无毒无害、廉价易得的C1资源,可代替传统羰基化试剂合成高附加值的化工产品.因此,CO2“变废为宝,高值化利用”的研究,特别是将CO2还原为甲酸、甲醇等能源类产品,具有重要科学意义及应用价值.着眼于CO2吸收和资源化利用相结合的策略,将CO2的吸收产物进行原位催化反应,既可绕过脱附、压缩环节;又可消除高压反应的不足、减少设备投入及节能降耗;同时,吸收过程中CO2分子得到活化,有利于后续化学转化反应在低压温和条件下进行.催化氢化反应在多种CO2资源化利用途径中具有重要意义和应用前景,将CO2的吸收产物进行原位催化氢化反应能够成功获得甲酸、甲醇等重要的能源产品.本文概括介绍了CO2的捕集方法及其化学转化为衍生物的路径,总结了CO2氢化反应的催化体系和作用机制,在此基础上,重点讨论了CO2的原位催化氢化反应机理和最新进展.
Carbon dioxide (CO2) absorption and storage technology is one of the means to scale-up CO2 emissions, but it inevitably consumes energy during its desorption, compression, transportation and storage processes. At the same time, CO2 is non-toxic, harmless and cheap Therefore, the research on CO2 “turning waste into treasure and high value utilization”, especially reducing CO2 to formic acid, methanol and other energy sources, can be used to synthesize high value-added chemical products instead of traditional carbonylation reagents. Product, has important scientific significance and application value.Considering the combination of CO2 absorption and resource utilization, CO2 in situ absorption reaction products can bypass the desorption and compression processes and eliminate the high pressure reaction And reduce equipment investment and energy saving; the same time, the absorption of CO2 molecules are activated, is conducive to follow-up chemical conversion reaction under low pressure and mild conditions.Catalytic hydrogenation reaction in a variety of ways of CO2 utilization is of great significance and application Prospects, the CO2 absorption products in situ catalytic hydrogenation reaction can be successfully obtained formic acid, methanol and other important energy products.This paper describes the CO2 capture method and its chemical conversion to Derivatives pathway, summarizes the catalytic system and mechanism of CO2 hydrogenation reaction, on this basis, focusing on the CO2 in situ catalytic hydrogenation reaction mechanism and the latest progress.