分析了黄河中游小流域水土保持对干支流汛期、非汛期径流的影响 ,得出水土保持措施对径流具有减水作用 ,但主要表现为削洪作用 ,对枯水期的减水作用较小 ,减水效应在干流不如支流显著。同时分析了下游河床的渗漏量变化 ,说明水土流失带来的泥沙淤积会减少河床径流。因此只有采取水土保持措施 ,才能达到根治黄河断流和洪水的目的 The effects of soil and water conservation on the runoff during the flood season and non-flood season were analyzed in the middle reaches of the Yellow River. It is concluded that the soil and water conservation measures play a role in reducing runoff. However, the main effects of the water and soil conservation measures are to reduce floods, reduce water loss during the dry season, The effect is not as significant in the mainstream as the tributaries. At the same time, the change of leakage of downstream riverbed was analyzed, which shows that the sedimentation caused by soil erosion will reduce riverbed runoff. Therefore, only by adopting soil and water conservation measures can we achieve the goal of eliminating the Yellow River’s drying up and floods