将热转换成电的物理效应称为热电效应。热电效应主要包括金属半导体的赛贝克效应、珀尔帖效应和汤姆逊效应等。近年来,随着红外光敏元件的研制和开发,人们广泛开展了对诸如电石、水晶和酒石酸钾钠等晶体因受热其表面产生极化电荷现象的研究。为了与前三种热电效应相区 The physical effect of converting heat into electricity is called the thermoelectric effect. The thermoelectric effect mainly includes the Seebeck effect of the metal semiconductor, the Peltier effect and the Thomson effect. In recent years, with the development and development of infrared light-sensitive elements, extensive research has been conducted on the phenomenon that crystals such as calcium carbide, crystal and sodium potassium tartrate generate polarized charges on the surface due to heating. In order to phase with the first three kinds of thermoelectric effect