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目的 观察托烷司琼联用地塞米松及胃复安防止化疗所致呕吐的临床疗效和毒性作用。同时选恩丹西酮联用等量地塞米松、胃复安作对照组进行分析。方法 45例接受顺铂或环磷酰胺加阿霉素联合化疗者随机分为两组,于每组化疗两个周期中交叉用药,自身对照。观察第1～5天患者恶心、呕吐控制的有效率(CR+PR)并作出比较。结果 含顺铂化疗组托烷司琼联用,急性期止吐有效率93.8％,CR87.5％。恩丹西酮联用有效率96.7％,CR81.3％。迟发期有效率84.4％～90.6％,两药相似。结论 托烷司琼与恩丹西酮疗效相同,防止化疗呕吐效果显著,无严重毒性作用。联用地塞米松和胃复安可以提高两药疗效,尤其对迟发期呕吐取得较为满意的作用。
Objective To observe the clinical efficacy and toxicity of tropisetron in combination with dexamethasone and metoclopramide to prevent chemotherapy-induced vomiting. At the same time, the same amount of dexamethasone and metoclopramide was used as a control group for analysis. Methods Forty-five patients who received cisplatin or cyclophosphamide plus doxorubicin combined with chemotherapy were randomly divided into two groups. They were cross-medication in each cycle of chemotherapy and were self-controlled. Observe the effective rate (CR+PR) of nausea and vomiting control in patients on days 1 to 5 and compare them. Results In combination with cisplatin in the cisplatin-based chemotherapy group, the antiemetic efficacy was 93.8% and CR 87.5% in the acute phase. Ondansetron combined with an effective rate of 96.7%, CR81.3%. Late-onset effective rate of 84.4% to 90.6%, two drugs similar. Conclusion Tropisetron has the same efficacy as ondansetron. It can prevent vomiting caused by chemotherapy and has no serious toxic effects. Combined use of dexamethasone and metoclopramide can improve the efficacy of the two drugs, especially for late-phase vomiting more satisfactory effect.