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为合理评估水电开发利用过程消耗水资源的问题,计算了我国已建283座大中型水电站的总蓝水足迹及其平均值,同时根据气候区域及水电基地的不同将这些水电站划分为7个气候分区和13个水电基地,并分别计算其平均蓝水足迹。结果表明,由于气候分区及所在水电基地的不同,所统计水电站的平均蓝水足迹差异较大,但总体上平均蓝水足迹较小。通过分析计算结果合理性及敏感性,得出水电站蓝水足迹的变化主要取决于水电站和水库的参数。说明蓝水足迹可作为水电站规划与运行期间的一个指标,为我国水资源的科学管理及合理开发提供了理论依据。
In order to reasonably evaluate the problem of water consumption in hydropower development and utilization, the total blue water footprint of 283 hydropower stations in China has been calculated and its average value has been calculated. At the same time, these hydropower stations are divided into seven climates according to different climatic zones and hydropower stations Zoning and 13 hydropower bases, and calculate their average blue water footprint separately. The results show that the average blue water footprint of the hydropower station varies greatly due to the different climate zones and the hydropower base, but the overall average blue water footprint is small. By analyzing the rationality and sensitivity of calculation results, it is concluded that the change of blue water footprint of hydropower station mainly depends on the parameters of hydropower station and reservoir. It shows that the blue water footprint can be used as an indicator during the planning and operation of hydropower stations and provides a theoretical basis for the scientific management and rational development of water resources in China.