目的探讨后腹腔镜泌尿外科手术导致发生后腹膜腔感染的病因。方法选取本院2012年5月~2013年7月收治的56例泌尿外科后腹腔镜手术患者为研究对象,其中导致发生后腹膜腔感染的4例,占7.1%。分析其发生腹膜腔感染的原因,为临床采取相应的防治措施提供参考依据。结果 56例患者均成功实行手术,4例发生腹膜腔感染的患者均给予积极抗感染以及充分引流后痊愈。结论术者熟悉手术操作技术,手术中认真止血,减少已切除脂肪存留体内、保障手术后引流管的通畅是降低手术感染几率的主要方法。 Objective To investigate the causes of retroperitoneal infection after laparoscopic urological surgery. Methods Fifty-six cases of post-laparoscopic urology surgery from May 2012 to July 2013 in our hospital were selected as the study subjects, of which 4 cases (7.1%) had retroperitoneal infection. Analysis of the reasons for its occurrence of peritoneal infection, to provide the appropriate reference for clinical control measures. Results All the 56 patients were operated successfully. Four patients with intraperitoneal infection were given positive anti-infection and recovered fully after drainage. Conclusion The surgeon is familiar with the surgical techniques, surgery to stop bleeding, reduce the body fat has been removed to protect the drainage tube after surgery is the main method to reduce the chance of surgical infection.