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利福平为一半合成抗生素,主要用于治疗结核病.早在1969年De Mattia就用利福平治疗成人非结核菌感染性疾病.利福平用于小儿非结核菌感染也是有效的,但要对病例加以选择.由于早产儿生下后失去母体的保护作用,或在儿科病房中易致院内感染,在此情况下,应考虑用一些特殊的药物来进行治疗.利福平就是其中之一.Granoff等报导,使用复方磺胺甲基异恶唑(SMZ+TMP)治疗乙型付伤寒患者26例;73%无效.而利福平治疗了14/16例,证实有效.有11例志贺氏痢疾杆菌或志贺弗氏痢疾杆菌感染的1～2岁患儿,虽经呋喃唑酮或合并复方磺胺甲基异恶唑、氯霉素、氨苄西林等治疗均无效,Strahovsky用利福平10～12毫克/公斤/日分两次给患儿服用,共七天全部治愈,无明显副作用.
Rifampicin is a synthetic antibiotic that is used primarily to treat tuberculosis, and De Mattia used rifampicin to treat adult non-TB infections as early as 1969. Rifampicin is also effective in pediatric non-TB infections, Choose the case.Rifampin is one of the special drugs that should be considered for treatment because of the loss of maternal protective effect after giving birth or the nosocomial infection in the pediatric ward .Granoff and other reports, the use of compound sulfamethoxazole (SMZ + TMP) in treatment of typhoid B in 26 patients; 73% is invalid, while the rifampin treatment of 14/16 cases, proved effective .In 11 cases of Shiga Shigella dysenteriae or Shigella dysenteriae infection in children aged 1 to 2 years, despite furazolidone or combined sulfamethoxazole, chloramphenicol, ampicillin and other treatment are ineffective, Strahovsky with rifampicin 10 ~ 12 mg / kg / day to children taking two times, a total of seven days were cured, no obvious side effects.