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[目的]分析人乳头瘤病毒经产道母婴垂直传播的特点。[方法]应用PCR体外扩增和DNA反向斑点杂交相结合的DNA芯片技术,对经产道分娩产妇及其新生儿117对(自然分娩组)和剖宫产产妇及其新生儿74对(剖宫产组)母体生殖道、新生儿口腔分泌物进行HPV定性及分型检测。[结果]母体生殖道HPV检出率为14.66%(28/191);自然分娩组和剖宫产组的新生婴儿口腔HPV检出率分别为3.42%和0.00%,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。母体生殖道HPV阳性者新生婴儿口腔HPV检出率为22.22%(4/18),显著性高于母体生殖道HPV阴性组的检出率(0,0/99)(P<0.05)。新生婴儿口腔HPV亚型与其母体生殖道的亚型一致。[结论]妊娠妇女生殖道HPV感染较为常见,HPV可以经产道垂直传播,对母体及新生儿的影响值得进一步研究。
[Objective] To analyze the characteristics of vertical transmission of human papillomavirus (HPV) through maternity and birth canal. [Method] With DNA chip technique combined with PCR in vitro amplification and reverse dot blot hybridization, we detected 117 pairs of spontaneous labor (delivery group) and 74 newborns Palace group) maternal reproductive tract, neonatal oral secretions HPV qualitative and typing test. [Results] The detection rate of HPV in the mother’s reproductive tract was 14.66% (28/191). The detection rate of oral HPV was 3.42% and 0.00% in the newborn infants in the spontaneous delivery group and the cesarean section group, respectively, but the difference was not statistically significant P> 0.05). The detection rate of oral HPV was 22.22% (4/18) in the newborn infants with positive genital tract HPV, which was significantly higher than that of the HPV negative group (0,0 / 99) in the genital tract (P <0.05). Neonatal infant oral HPV subtypes are consistent with their maternal genital subtypes. [Conclusion] Genital HPV infection in pregnant women is more common, and HPV can be transmitted vertically through the birth canal. The impact on the maternal and newborn deserves further study.