一、引言当前中国的城市轨道交通(简称城轨)建设的主体是地方政府。按照传统观念,铁路常被人理解担纲城市对外交通职能,在过去的岁月里,铁路的确为中国城市和经济的发展做出过世人瞩目的贡献。尽管20世纪70-80年代,国家铁路(简称国铁)曾一度在市郊运输中发挥过一定的作用,但由? I. Introduction At present, the main body of China’s urban rail transit (referred to as urban rail transit) is the local government. According to the traditional concept, the railway is often understood as the city’s external transportation function. In the past years, the railway did make world-renowned contributions to the development of China’s cities and economy. Although the State Railway once played a certain role in suburban transport during the 1970s and 1980s,