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目的了解住院患者导尿管相关尿路病原菌分布及其耐药性,为医院泌尿系感染的防控提供参考。方法回顾性调查住院接受尿道插管留置导尿患者尿路感染发生情况,分析病原菌分布和药敏试验结果。结果共发现876例尿道插管住院患者中发现532例相关尿路感染患者例,感染发生率为60.73%。从感染患者送检标本中共检出病原菌532株,其中包括革兰阴性杆菌351株、革兰阳性球菌116株和真菌65株,构成比分别为65.98%、21.81%和12.22%。居前4位的病原菌依次为大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和屎肠球菌。革兰阴性杆菌对喹诺酮耐药率较高,对亚胺培南、头孢派酮/舒巴坦耐等较敏感;革兰阳性球菌耐药率普遍较高,真菌耐药率均比较低。结论接受尿管插管住院患者相关尿路感染发病率高,病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,耐药谱广,应加强耐药菌监测,依据药敏试验结果合理选用抗菌药物。
Objective To understand the distribution and drug resistance of urinary tract-associated urinary tract pathogens in hospitalized patients and provide references for the prevention and control of urinary tract infections in hospitals. Methods The incidence of urinary tract infection in hospitalized patients receiving urethral catheterization and catheterization was retrospectively analyzed. The distribution of pathogenic bacteria and drug susceptibility test results were analyzed. Results A total of 876 cases of urinary tract infection were found in 876 inpatients with urethral catheterization, the incidence of infection was 60.73%. A total of 532 pathogenic bacteria were detected from infected patients, including 351 Gram-negative bacilli, 116 Gram-positive cocci and 65 fungal strains, with the constituent ratios of 65.98%, 21.81% and 12.22%, respectively. The top four pathogenic bacteria were Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterococcus faecium. Gram-negative bacilli had a higher quinolone resistance rate, more sensitive to imipenem, cefoperazone / sulbactam, etc. Gram-positive cocci were generally higher in drug resistance rates and fungal resistance rates were lower. Conclusion The incidence of urinary tract infection in hospitalized patients receiving catheterization is high. Gram-negative bacteria are the main pathogenic bacteria in the hospital, and the spectrum of drug resistance is broad. The monitoring of drug-resistant bacteria should be strengthened. Antimicrobial agents should be selected according to drug susceptibility test results.